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Ophelia in Pre-Raphaelite art

Probably the most famous image of Ophelia. The model was Elizabeth Siddal, who posed for hours in a tub of water (it was supposed to be heated by lamps, but they probably went out at some point) and contracted pneumonia shortly thereafter. The meticulous detail in the nature scene surrounding her is often cited as a prime example of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood's original ideals--which actually had little to do with the lushly romantic portrayals of women that soon became associated with the movement. This painting is just one reason Lizzie is often closely associated with the Ophelia image; she would later identify herself with the unfortunate maiden in her poem "A Year and a Day".Ophelia by John Everett Millais, 1852
Ophelia
John Everett Millais, 1852
Ophelia by Arthur Hughes, c. 1851-53
Ophelia
Arthur Hughes, c. 1851-53
Hughes' early Ophelia is among the most chilling, bleak images of her I've ever encountered. Strewn with wilted rushes rather than wildflowers, she seems barely in her teens and utterly bereft of hope...innocence destroyed.

The lettering on the frame quotes Gertrude's description of Ophelia's fate in Act IV, Scene 7, beginning "There is a willow grows aslant a brook..."
A decade later, the same artist takes a prettier, more romantic approach to the subject. It's also a moment earlier--Hughes described this painting as Ophelia 'approaching the water and looking back at us, singing her last song.'Ophelia by Arthur Hughes, c. 1863-64
Ophelia
Arthur Hughes, c. 1863-64
The First Madness of Ophelia by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, 1864
The First Madness of Ophelia
Dante Gabriel Rossetti, 1864
She had a special resonance for Rossetti, for his Ophelia--Lizzie, whom he had been courting at the time she posed for Millais' Ophelia, finally marrying her in 1860--had died two years before he painted this watercolor, of a laudanum overdose following a miscarriage and a bout with severe depression.
This is the only one on this page that I hadn't seen before I started gathering material for this project. I wasn't sure at first whether I liked it, partly because of the subdued colors (something one doesn't expect in a work associated with the Pre-Raphaelite movement), and partly because at first glance it reminds me of me on a bad hair day! But it has its own charm, and it's grown on me.Ophelia by George Frederick Watts, 1880
Ophelia
George Frederick Watts, 1880


Waterhouse is one my favorite artists, which tells you how much of a PRB purist I'm not. He painted her several times.
Ophelia by John William Waterhouse, 1889
Ophelia
John William Waterhouse, 1889
Study for Gather Ye Rosebuds (also known as Ophelia) by John William Waterhouse, 1908
Study for Gather Ye Rosebuds (also known as Ophelia)
John William Waterhouse, 1908
Ophelia by John William Waterhouse, 1894
Ophelia
John William Waterhouse, 1894
Ophelia by John William Waterhouse, 1910
Ophelia
John William Waterhouse, 1910




Special thanks to WebMagick's Pre-Raphaelite Collection

For more on the Pre-Raphaelites, also visit The Germ.